EPC in Belgium: price, validity and the cost of each class

An energy performance certificate costs about €120 to €310 in Wallonia depending on the size of the property, stays valid for ten years and is mandatory before any sale or rental. Its letter has a price too. In a 100 m² gas-heated house, each class gained in Wallonia represents about €1,130 a year of theoretical consumption.

When is an energy performance certificate mandatory?

Before selling or renting, in all three regions.

The certificate must exist when the property is put on the market, not at signing, and the energy class must appear in the listing. Brussels Environment states that the rule covers every individual dwelling larger than 18 m². Flanders calls it an EPC, Wallonia and Brussels a PEB certificate (PEB stands for performance énergétique des bâtiments): the principle is the same, the calculation methods are not.

Brussels is preparing an extension. The certificate would become mandatory for every home, even those not changing hands, "by the end of 2030 at the earliest", according to Brussels Environment. Wallonia is considering the same before 2030 in the renovation plan it is drafting.

How much does a certificate cost in Wallonia, Brussels and Flanders?

Prices are free. Each assessor sets their own, and the size of the property explains most of the gap.

Indicative ranges including VAT, surveyed in 2026 on Bobex and CallMePower (updated 17 June 2026). Travel costs may be added, especially in Brussels.

Spread over ten years of validity, a certificate for a Walloon house costs less than €30 a year.

Getting your certificate in five steps

1. Check whether a valid one already exists. A certificate under ten years old is enough to sell or rent.
2. Choose an accredited assessor in the region where the property stands. Compare two or three quotes: for the same service, gaps often exceed €50.
3. Gather your evidence before the visit. The assessor only records what they can see or what you can prove, and anything unproven is entered at a default value, often a penalising one.
4. Be there for the visit. The assessor records walls, window frames, roof, heating, hot water production and ventilation.
5. Proofread the certificate before using it. Floor area, boiler type, insulation thickness: an error is easier to fix before the property goes on sale than after.

The evidence that most often changes the class:

• invoices and delivery notes for insulation work, stating the thickness and type of insulation;
• data sheet or rating plate of the boiler, heat pump or water heater;
• invoices for window frames and glazing, with their U value;
• plans, planning permits and photos taken during the work, especially for insulation that is no longer visible.

Since 1 September 2026, the Walloon certificate adds a renovation path specific to the home, with the recommended order of works, their expected effect on the class and, where possible, a cost range; certificates issued before that date remain valid until they expire, as the Federation of Notaries explains.

What do the classes mean, region by region?

One letter, three scales. The class expresses a theoretical primary energy consumption in kWh per m² per year, and each region slices that consumption its own way.

In Flanders, the EPC runs from A+ to F and label D corresponds to 300 to 400 kWh per m² per year, against a Flemish average of about 356, according to CallMePower. Walloon and Brussels sources: Certinergie and Brussels Environment, which puts the average of certified homes at about 254 kWh per m² in 2024.

How much does each class cost on a gas bill?

To answer, we applied the Walloon thresholds to a 100 m² gas-heated house, at the variable price of the Eneco Gaz Naturel Flex rate card for September 2026 on the ORES network (ORES being the local distribution system operator, or DSO), that is 13.31 c€ per kWh including VAT, excluding the network's fixed charges. Since gas is counted with a primary energy factor of 1, the displayed consumption reads almost directly as kWh bought.

Each Walloon class from B to F spans 85 kWh per m². Over 100 m², that makes 8,500 kWh, or about €1,131 a year at the September 2026 price.

These amounts are an order of magnitude, not a bill. The PEB calculation assumes the whole home is heated continuously with standard occupancy, whereas households living in a poorly insulated home often heat fewer rooms for shorter periods, and the reference profile of the CREG, the federal energy regulator, for a gas-heated house sits around 17,000 kWh a year, which matches the bottom of class C over 100 m² even though many of these houses are rated E or F. The class is a tool for comparing two buildings. To estimate your own budget, start from your meter readings, as our article on average gas consumption explains.

For a heat pump or electric heating, the reading changes. Electricity is counted with a primary energy factor above 1, and each kWh bought costs more: our comparison of gas or electric heating redoes the maths for each system.

The same letter D does not mean the same bill everywhere

Over 100 m² heated with gas, at the same price of 13.31 c€ per kWh, class D represents €2,010 to €2,795 a year of theoretical consumption in Brussels, €3,394 to €4,525 in Wallonia and €3,993 to €5,324 in Flanders.

The price per kWh, however, is negotiable.

How can you look up an existing certificate?

In Brussels, the Brussels Environment online register shows, by address or number, the class, consumption, expiry date and the assessor's number. In Wallonia, an owner who has lost their copy contacts the Energy department of the Public Service of Wallonia; a tenant or buyer asks the owner or the agency, which must show it from the first viewing. In Flanders, the EPC database lets you find a certificate, and the original assessor can supply a copy. The Brussels register only gives a summary, the full report staying with the owner. In every case, check the issue date before trusting the letter.

Which renovation obligations apply by class?

Flanders is the only region where an obligation already applies. Since 1 January 2023, the buyer of a label E or F home must reach at least label D within six years of the deed, a deadline extended from five to six years by a final decision of 12 December 2025, according to Vlaanderen.be, with fines of €500 to €5,000.

In Brussels, the goal is to stay below 275 kWh per m² in 2033, removing classes F and G, then 150 kWh per m² around 2046. Entry into force, planned for 1 January 2026, was postponed for lack of a government, according to Test-Achats on 25 January 2026.

In Wallonia, the plan being drafted would require class D five years after a purchase made from 2028, then steps up to class A in 2041. The same plan directly affects the choice of energy: no new heating oil boiler during a major renovation from 1 January 2027, and no replacement of a heating oil boiler where natural gas is available. Our comparison of heating oil vs gas puts figures on that choice.

Your class will only change with renovation work. Your price per kWh can change as early as next month: compare the annual cost of gas and electricity offers in our energy supplier ranking. Any work on a boiler or gas installation is a job for an accredited professional.

Sources. Obligation, validity and Brussels register: Brussels Environment, "Le certificat PEB" page, consulted on 30 October 2026. Brussels class thresholds and average consumption of 254 kWh/m²/yr: Brussels Environment, "Performance du bâti", data as of 1 January 2025. Walloon class thresholds: Certinergie, "Comprendre son certificat PEB". Flemish label D (300 to 400 kWh/m²), Flemish average, €150 to €400 price and €500 to €5,000 fine: CallMePower, EPC page updated 17 June 2026. Prices by property type: Bobex, EPC certificate prices, consulted on 30 October 2026. Renovation path on the Walloon certificate since 1 September 2026: Federation of Notaries and Selectra (28 October 2026). Flemish renovation obligation: Vlaanderen.be, consulted on 30 October 2026. Brussels and Walloon timetables: Test-Achats, 25 January 2026, and Brussels Environment (275 and 150 kWh/m² targets). Looking up an existing certificate: Bobex, "Retrouver un certificat" page. Gas price: Eneco Gaz Naturel Flex rate card, September 2026, ORES network, 13.31 c€/kWh incl. VAT excluding fixed charges, taken from our article on natural gas NCV and GCV. The theoretical annual costs per class are our own calculations of 30 October 2026; since variable rates are re-indexed every month, redo the maths with your own price. No affiliate links.

Camille